Conscientiousness, a personality trait that is important for job-seeking, declines by 1 standard deviation among men who have been unemployed for four years, says a team led by Christopher J. Boyce and Alex M. Wood of the University of Stirling in the UK. This and other findings from surveys of thousands of Germans suggest that prolonged joblessness creates personality changes that may deepen unemployed people's job-market disadvantages. People seem to recover their former personalities if they do eventually find jobs, the researchers say.
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